Bird flu spreads to humans in Wisconsin

By Blake Jackson

The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) has reported the first presumptive positive human case of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5N1), also known as bird flu, in Barron County. The individual had exposure to a flock of commercial poultry that was infected with the virus. The case was detected through testing at the Wisconsin State Lab of Hygiene (WSLH) and is awaiting confirmation by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

DHS, in collaboration with Barron County Health and Human Services, is closely monitoring farm workers who may have been exposed to the virus. These workers have been provided with guidance on how to protect their health. At this time, the risk to the general public in Wisconsin remains low. However, individuals who work directly with infected animals or have recreational exposure to them are at a higher risk.

Since December 2021, the H5N1 HPAI virus has been circulating in both wild and domestic birds across North America. This highly contagious virus is often fatal to domestic poultry. It is caused by influenza type A viruses, which can lead to symptoms ranging from mild to severe, depending on the strain and the species affected. The virus can spread to humans through direct contact with infected birds, their droppings, or equipment used by those handling the animals.

While the virus does not easily spread from animals to humans, individuals who develop symptoms such as sore throat, fever, muscle aches, cough, or eye infections (conjunctivitis) after exposure to infected animals should stay home and contact a healthcare provider. They should avoid public places and public transport to prevent the spread of the virus.

It remains safe to consume fully cooked poultry, eggs, and meat. Pasteurized milk and dairy products, such as cheese and yogurt, are also safe. To prevent contamination, always wash hands and surfaces when handling raw meat, and cook meat thoroughly.

Additional updates and prevention tips for those with close contact with animals will be shared on Wisconsin's Outbreaks, Recalls, and Investigations webpage.

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