Top winter wheat varieties for maximum yields

Tuesday, August 27, 2024

When establishing winter wheat, following key recommendations can significantly improve yield and profitability. Here's a concise guide based on the latest recommendations:

Variety Selection: Selecting the right variety is crucial. Factors such as winter survival, resistance to pests and diseases, lodging, and test weight must be considered. It’s important to choose a variety that has performed well across multiple environments and years to hedge against unpredictable conditions. Pay attention to test weight, aiming for 58 lb/bu or higher to avoid discounts at the elevator.
Plant New Seed: To maximize yields in 2025, plant certified or professionally prepared seed with a high germination rate (>85%). Avoid planting saved seed, especially from fields treated with glyphosate, as this can reduce germination. If you must use saved seed, ensure it is legally permitted, clean it thoroughly, perform a germination test, and consider using a fungicide treatment, especially if the seed is affected by Fusarium Head Blight (FHB).
Seed Treatment: Using a fungicide seed treatment is recommended, especially if the seed has been damaged by FHB. This treatment protects the seed from soilborne and seedborne pathogens during germination and early growth.
Seeding Depth: Plant wheat at a depth of 1 to 1.5 inches to ensure even germination and good winter survival. Shallow planting increases the risk of winterkill, while planting too deep can impair tiller development and overall crop health.
Planting Date: In Wisconsin, winter wheat should be planted between September 20th and October 10th. Planting too early can expose the crop to aphids that transmit barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), while planting too late may result in poor germination due to cold soil temperatures.
Seeding Rate: For wheat planted between September 20th and October 1st, the target seeding rate is 1.75 million seeds per acre. If planting after October 1st, gradually increase the seeding rate to compensate for reduced fall tillering.
Crop Rotation: Rotating crops can help manage disease and pest pressures, enhancing the overall health and yield of your wheat crop.
Field Management: Monitor soil moisture and conditions closely. Proper management of seeding depth, rate, and timing can significantly impact your winter wheat’s success, particularly in the face of disease pressure and varying environmental conditions.